With input from more than 100 policymakers, researchers, community advocates and others, Results for America has developed an evidence framework that includes definitions of evidence-based programs and evidence-building programs.
RFA’s definition of evidence emphasizes the value of both evidence-based programs and evidence-building programs:
Evidence-Based Program
“Evidence-based program” means a program with either impact evidence or implementation evidence that is relevant and credible and has an informed rationale.
Evidence-Building Program
“Evidence-building program” means a program that has an informed rationale and is undergoing an impact evaluation or implementation evaluation that is relevant and credible.
Definition Considerations
Agencies can use grant programs to invest in both evidence-based programs and evidence-building programs, as long as they clearly define the criteria for each.
Whether an agency is developing a new definition of evidence or starting with an existing definition and looking to build on its strengths, they should consider a definition for their grant program that:
Encourages consideration of the full body of evidence for programs that are being considered.
Encourages grantees to implement programs with a proven track record and use information from a broad set of methods for understanding the successful implementation and potential impact of a given investment.
Elevates the importance of generating and using knowledge on a program’s impact and implementation in similar contexts and for similar populations, given that an average effect can mask significant differences across subgroups, including by race, ethnicity, gender, geography, income and other characteristics.
Distinguishes between evidence-based programs and programs that have not yet demonstrated effectiveness, while creating pathways for evidence-building.
Ensures the presence of an informed rationale for implementation in each context and based on stakeholder input — in other words, government leaders should be able to articulate a theory of change for why their proposed investment is likely to have a positive impact in their jurisdiction.
Encourages ongoing evaluation of the implementation and impact of the program.
RFA's Evidence Definition
We believe that use of these definitions will help pave the way for governments to more clearly and effectively shift dollars to what works and deliver better results for all. RFA’s evidence framework is designed to encourage policymakers to consider the full body of evidence for a given program, as well as elevate the importance of generating knowledge that focuses on why, how and for whom programs work. Importantly, the definitions distinguish evidence-based programs from programs that are not yet evidence-based, while creating pathways for evidence-building.